First Aid for Miscellaneous conditions | Fever, Headache, Earache etc.,| Learn Hutt

First Aid for Miscellaneous conditions | Fever, Headache, Earache etc., | First aid basics | Lesson - 11 | Learn Hutt

First Aid for Miscellaneous conditions:

Fever:
Give medicine if available or sponge the forehead with tepid water to bring down temperature.

Headache:
Give medicine if available or give cold compress for relief:

Earache: 
Give medicine if available or the give the casualty a source of heat such as a hot water bottle wrapped in a towel to hold against the affected ear. 

Toothache:
Give medicine if available or give the casualty a hot water bottle wrapped in a towel to hold to the face or a rolled up piece of cotton wool soaked in oil or cloves to hold against the affected tooth. The cotton wool will plug the cavity and the oil is a natural pain reliever. 

Abdominal pain:
Give medicine if available or support the casualty in the position he/she finds most comfortable by propping the casualty up with cushion or pillows. 

Cramp:
This is a sudden, involuntary and painful muscle spasm. This could relieve by stretching and massaging the affected muscle.

·    Vomiting and diarrhoea:
This is due to food poisoning and contaminated water, allergy or unusual or exotic foods. Give plenty of water. Glucose drinks will be ideal if available. Alternatively add salt (1 tea spoonful per litre) and sugar (4 to 5 tea spoonfuls per litre ) to either water or diluted orange juice, which is a useful source of potassium.      

      Hiccups:
This occurs due to temporary short of carbon-di-oxide levels in the blood. Ask the casualty to sit quietly and hold the breathe for as long as possible. Make the casualty to take long drinks of water.

·      Animal bites:
Bites from sharp, pointed teeth cause deep puncture wounds that can carry germs for into the tissues. Human bites also crush the tissues. Treat as to an open wound.

·      Insect stings:
Bee, wasp and hornet stings usually are painful rather than dangerous. An initial sharp pain is followed by mild swelling and soreness. If possible remove the strings with a tweezers and apply a cold compress.

Methods of carries for one First Aider:

Human crutch method:

    - Stand on the casualty's injured or weaker side. Pass his arm around your neck, and grasp his hand or wrist with your hand.

    - Pass your other am around his waist, Grasp his clothes to support him.

    - Move off with your inside foot. Take small steps and walk at the casualty's pace. If possible give the casualty a walking aid for extra support.

Drag method:

    - Crouch behind the casualty, help to sit up and cross the arms over the chest of the victim.

    - Pass your arms under the casualty's arm pits and grasp the wrists. Carefully pull backwards and squat walk. 

Cradle method:

    - Squat beside the casualty. Pass one of your arms around the casualty's trunk, above the waist.

    - Pass your other arm under the thighs. Stand hugging towards you and move forward. 

Piggyback method:

    - Crouch in front of the casualty with your back to the victim. Ask him/her to put arms over your shoulders.

    - Grasp casualty's thighs and raise slowly keeping your back straight and move forward. 

Methods of carries for two First Aiders:

The Two-handed seat method:

    - Squat facing each other on either side of the casualty. Cross arms behind the victims back and grasp the waistband. 

    - Pass your other hands under the casualty's knees and grasp each other's wrist's. Bring your linked arms up to the middle of the casualty's thighs.

    - Move in close to the casualty. Keeping your backs straight, rise slowly, and move off together.

The Fore-And- Aft carry method:

    - Sit the casualty up and put the arms across the chest. 

    - Squat behind the casualty. Slide your arms under the arm pits and firmly grasp the wrist's of the victim. 

    - Ask your partner to squat beside casualty and pass his arms under the thighs, and taking hold of the victim's legs.

    - Work together, keeping your backs straight, rise slowly, and move off. 

Moves using equipment:

    - Carry chairs/ordinary chairs, standard stretchers, specialist stretchers, orthopedic stretchers and Canvas-And-Poles Stretchers are few equipment used to move the casualty in an emergency.